俏江南黑厨再曝脏乱问题：蟑螂卧餐盘 老鼠屎
Republic of Lithuania Lietuvos Respublika (Lithuanian) | |
|---|---|
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.svg) Location of Lithuania in the World | |
| ??????? ? ???????? ???? ??? | Vilnius 54°41′N 25°19′E? / ?54.683°N 25.317°E |
| ???????? ???? ??? | capital |
| ???????? ?????? | Lithuanian |
Regional | Polish, Russian |
| ?????? ?????? (census 2019[?]) |
|
| ??????(??) | Lithuanian |
| ????? | Unitary semi-presidential republic[?][?][?][?] |
| Gitanas Naus?da | |
| Saulius Skvernelis | |
| Viktoras Pranckietis | |
| ???????????? | Seimas |
| Independence | |
| 9 March 1009 | |
| 1236 | |
? Coronation of King Mindaugas | 6 July 1253 |
| 2 February 1386 | |
? Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth created | 1 July 1569 |
| 24 October 1795 | |
| 16 February 1918 | |
| 15 June 1940 | |
| 22 June 1941 | |
| July 1944 | |
| 11 March 1990 | |
? Admitted to the United Nations | 17 September 1991 |
| 29 March 2004 | |
? Joined the European Union | 1 May 2004 |
| ????????? | |
? ????? | 65,300 km2 (25,200 sq mi) (121st) |
? ???? (%) | 1.35 |
| ????????? | |
? 2020 ??? |  2,794,329[?] (140th) |
? ????? | 43/km2 (111.4/sq mi) (173rd) |
| ??? ???????? ??????? (???? ????? ????) | 2020 ??? |
? ????? | $107 billion[?] (83rd) |
? ????? ??????? | $38,751[?] (38th) |
| ??? ???????? ??????? (?????????) | 2020 ??? |
? ????? | $56 billion[?] (80th) |
? ????? ??????? | $20,355[?] (42nd) |
| ???? (2018) |  36.9[?]????? |
| ???? ????? ???????? (2018) | 0.869[?] ??? ???? · 34th |
| ?????? | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| ??? ??????? | ??????????????? ???????? ???+2 (EET) |
? ???????????? (?????????? ??? ???) | ??????????????? ???????? ???+3 (EEST) |
| ???? ????? | yyyy-mm-dd (CE) |
| ??? ?????? | right |
| ??????? ??? | +370 |
| ????? ???? ?????? | LT |
| ???????? ????? | .lta |
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[??????? | ????? ???????]- ↑ "Ethnicity, mother tongue and religion". Official Statistics Portal. Statistics Lithuania. 12 December 2019. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
- ↑ Kulikauskien?, Lina (2002). Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija [The Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania] (in Lithuanian). Native History, CD. ISBN 978-9986-9216-7-7.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ↑ Veser, Ernst (23 September 1997). "Semi-Presidentialism-Duverger's Concept – A New Political System Model" (PDF) (in English and Chinese). Department of Education, School of Education, University of Cologne. pp. 39–60. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 April 2021. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
Duhamel has developed the approach further: He stresses that the French construction does not correspond to either parliamentary or the presidential form of government, and then develops the distinction of 'système politique' and 'régime constitutionnel'. While the former comprises the exercise of power that results from the dominant institutional practice, the latter is the totality of the rules for the dominant institutional practice of the power. In this way, France appears as 'presidentialist system' endowed with a 'semi-presidential regime' (1983: 587). By this standard he recognizes Duverger's pléiade as semi-presidential regimes, as well as Poland, Romania, Bulgaria and Lithuania (1993: 87).
CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ Shugart, Matthew S?berg (September 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive and Mixed Authority Patterns" (PDF). Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies. United States: University of California, San Diego. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 August 2008. Retrieved 23 August 2017.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- ↑ Shugart, Matthew S?berg (December 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive And Mixed Authority Patterns" (PDF). French Politics. Palgrave Macmillan Journals. 3 (3): 323–351. doi:10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200087. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
A pattern similar to the French case of compatible majorities alternating with periods of cohabitation emerged in Lithuania, where Talat-Kelpsa (2001) notes that the ability of the Lithuanian president to influence government formation and policy declined abruptly when he lost the sympathetic majority in parliament.
CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) - ↑ "Prad?ia – Oficialiosios statistikos portalas". osp.stat.gov.lt.
- ↑ ?.? ?.? ?.? ?.? "Lithuania". International Monetary Fund.
- ↑ "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey". ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. Retrieved 12 September 2019.
- ↑ "2017 Human Development Report". United Nations Development Programme. 2015. Retrieved 24 March 2017.